Pornirea motorului asincron monofazat

<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO"><span style="color: blue;"><b>Pornirea motorului asincron monofazat:</b></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO"><span style="color: blue;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO">Motorul asincron monofazate se utilizeaza in general pentru actionari de mica putere (cca.30_{<img height="13" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image013.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1152" width="13" />}200 W) si la turatia aproximativ constanta.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <img align="left" height="190" hspace="12" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image214.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_s2491" width="140" /><span lang="RO">            Statorul motorului asincron monofazat se construieste la fel ca la motorul asincron trifazat, cu deosebire ca in crestaturi se introduc conductoarele unei infasurari monofazate. Rotorul  se construieste, de cele mai multe ori, in scurtcircuit. Schema electrica a motorului asincron monofazat este data in fig.5.45.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">            <b><u>Principiul de functionare a motoru-lui asincron monofazat.</u> </b></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">Sa consideram ca rotorul se invarteste cu viteza unghiulara _{<img height="23" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image032.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1153" width="23" />}.Curentul alternativ monofazat care strabate infasurarea statorului, va produce un camp magnetic pulsativ, care poate fi descompus in doua campuri invartitoare: unul in acelasi sens cu rotorul, numit camp direct si al doilea in sens invers, viteza unghiulara a celor doua campuri fiind aceeasi _{<img height="17" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image217.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1154" width="17" />}_cs.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">                         Alunecarea rotorului, fata de campul direct, va fi:</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; margin-left: 1.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;"> <span lang="RO">_{<img height="45" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image219.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1155" width="85" />}                                       (5.38)</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">iar fata de campul invers va fi:</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">             _{<img height="45" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image221.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1156" width="91" />}                                      (5.39)</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO">Frecventa campului rotoric indus de campul direct va fi deci f₂₁=sf₁, la fel ca la motorul asincron trifazat. Frecventa curentului rotoric indus insa de campul magnetic invers se deduce in mod analog, adica:</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">_{<img height="45" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image223.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1129" width="109" />} sau _{<img height="44" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image225.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1130" width="91" />}</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">si rezulta:</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">_{<img height="44" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image227.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1131" width="80" />} sau _{<img height="24" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image229.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1132" width="72" />}</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">            Dar a+a’=2 (din relatia 5.38 si 5.39) si deci:</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">f₂₁₁=(2-a)f₁                                    (5.40)</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO">In circuitul rotoric se induc deci curenti de frecvente diferite si anume: sf₁ si (2-s)f₁. corespunzator celor doua campuri magnetice invartitoare, asupra rotorului se vor exercita doua cupluri distincte M_I si M_II, de sens contrar, astfel incat cuplul rezultant va fi:</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">_{<img src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image231.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1133" width="height=23" />},</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO">La pornire, cand a=1, frecventa curentilor din infasurarea rotorica va fi aceeasi, adica:</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">_{<img height="23" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image233.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1134" width="96" />},</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">deci si cele doua cupluri vor fi egale, iar cuplul rezultant va fi zero. Rezulta ca motorul nu poate porni din starea de repaus. Daca intr-un mod oarecare (de exemplu printr-un impuls manual) se imprima rotorului o turatie initiala, va rezulta _{<img height="19" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image235.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1135" width="40" />} si _{<img height="23" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image237.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1136" width="69" />} deci cuplul rezultant va fi diferit de zero; rotorul va continua sa se invarteasca in sensul corespunzator vitezei initiale (daca cuplul motor rezultant este mai mare decat cuplul rezistent de la arbore).</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <img align="left" height="223" hspace="12" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image239.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_s2494" width="195" /><span lang="RO">In concluzie, motorul asincron monofazat dezvolta un cuplu motor numai daca rotorul are o viteza initiala. Aceasta viteza initiala nu se imprima manual, ci pe cale electromagnetica si anume utilizand o infasurare suplimentara, numita infasurare de pornire, care se pune pe stator, decalata fata de infasurarea principala cu un unghi de 90^o (fig.5.46). Daca se leaga un condensator in serie cu infasurarea de pornire, a carui capacitate C se alege in asa fel incat curentul ce strabate infasurarea de pornire sa fie decalat inainte cu 90^ofata de curentul ce strabate infasurarea principala, atunci se va forma un sistem bifazat de curenti care vor produce un singur camp magnetic invartitor. Deci inchizand intrerupatoarele K₂ si K₁ motorul va porni ca motor bifazat, iar dupa ce turatia rotorului a crescut suficient, intrerupatorul K₂ se deschide si motorul continua sa se invarteasca ca motor monofazat. Infasurarea de pornire este dimensionata sa functioneze numai la pornire si din aceasta cauza nu se admite mentinerea ei in circuit.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO">Variatia momentului cuplului motor in functie de alunecare este reprezentata in fig.5.47. Curba 1 reprezinta variatia M(s) pentru o rezistenta R₂ egala cu rezistenta infasurarii rotorice; curba 2 corespunde unei rezistente mai mari, adica in circuitul rotoric se introduce o rezistenta suplimentara, iar curba 3 corespunde unei rezistente mai mari decat in cazul curbei 2. Se observa ca in cazul motorului asincron monofazat, o rezistenta suplimentara introdusa in circuitul rotoric micsoreaza valoarea maxima a cuplului motor si mareste alunecarea la care cuplul este maxim (aceasta se explica prin cresterea cuplului creat de campul magnetic invers, odata cu cresterea rezistentei circuitului rotoric).</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <img align="left" height="192" hspace="12" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image241.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_s2488" width="267" /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">            Motoarele asincrone monofazate au o serie de dezavantaje, in comparatie cu cele trifazate si anume:</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">   - lipsa cuplului motor la pornire;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">   - capacitatea de suprasarcina este mult mai mica, datorita existentei cuplului motor produs de campul magnetic invers;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">   - randament mai mic;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">   - factor de putere mai mic cu 10-12%.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #171717; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">            Motorul asincron trifazat poate fi pornit ca motor asincron monofazat, daca se realizeaza schema din fig.5.48. Dupa pornire, intrerupatorul K se deschide si motorul functioneaza numai cu doua faze legate in serie. Aceasta situatie se poate ivi si in practica, in cazul functionarii motorului asincron trifazat in doua faze (cazul in care se arde siguranta de pe o faza). Motorul poate functiona in continuare daca cuplul rezistent nu-i </span><img align="left" height="242" src="http://www.scrigroup.com/files/electronica-electricitate/1091_poze/image243.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s2503 _x0000_s2502 _x0000_s2501" width="214" /><span lang="RO">prea mare, in caz contrar motorul se arde datorita incalzirii conductoarelor.</span></div>

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Pornirea motorului asincron monofazat

Pornirea motorului asincron monofazat: Motorul asincron monofazate se utilizeaza in general pentru actionari de mica putere (cca.30200 W) si la turatia aproximativ constanta.             Statorul mot…

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Pornirea unui motor cu rezistente

<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="color: blue;">Pornirea cu rezistente Rs.</span></span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #333333;"> </span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB">   Pornirea cu rezistente R</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">S</span><span lang="EN-GB"> legate in serie in circuitul statoric al masinii asincrone se face cu schema de mai jos. La pornire se inched contactele c</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">1</span><span lang="EN-GB"> , iar contactele c</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">2</span><span lang="EN-GB"> raman deschise. Dupa terminarea pornirii se inched contactela c</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">2</span><span lang="EN-GB">.                                   <img height="298" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1968_poze/image027.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1040" width="576" />                                          </span><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 20px;">Pornirea unui motor cu rezistente</span><span lang="EN-GB"></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB">    Fata de metoda cu autotransformator , prin acest procedeu , la aceeasi reducere a cupului se obtine un current de pornire mai mare si apar pierderi in rezistenta Rs; in schimb schema este mai simpla . Procedeul se poate aplica la actionarile cu masini de putere mica , la pornire cu sarcina redusa.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB">    Pornirea cu bobina de reactanta sau rezistente introduce in circuitul de alimentare se utilizeaza in cazuri rare din cauza rezistentelor si reactantelor care sunt , in unele cazuri greu de suportat.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB">    Totodata , la acelasi current initial de pornire , cuplul de pornire este mai mare in cazul utilizarii autotransformatoarelor decat a bobinelor de reactanta. Schema de principiu pt acest caz  este data in figura de mai jos.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB">    Mai general , se poate face remarca ca toate metodele de pornire indirecta a motorului asincron prezinta inconvenientul reducerii cuplului de pornire . Din aceasta cauza aceste metode nu sunt adecvate pentru pornirea in plina sarcina , la pornirile grele fiind pur si simplu neaplicabile.</span></div>

Pornirea unui motor cu rezistente

Pornirea cu rezistente Rs.     Pornirea cu rezistente RS legate in serie in circuitul statoric al masinii asincrone se face cu schema de mai jos. La pornire se inched contactele c1 , iar contactele c…

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Pornirea cu autotransformator

<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; margin-left: 12pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="color: blue;"> Pornirea cu autotransformator</span></span></b><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="color: blue;">.</span><span style="color: #333333;"> </span></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB">Schema de principiu a pornirii cu autotransformator este data in figura de mai  jos .</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB">Pornirea se realizeaza prin inchiderea contactelor de contactor c</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">1</span><span lang="EN-GB"> , apoi c</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">3</span><span lang="EN-GB"> ; astfel , alimentarea masinii de actionare m</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">2</span><span lang="EN-GB"> se face prin autotransformatorul m</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">1</span><span lang="EN-GB"> , la tensiunea redusa. La terminarea procesului tranzitoriu de pornire , se inched contactele c</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">2</span><span lang="EN-GB"> si se deschid contactele c</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">3</span><span lang="EN-GB"> realizandu-se legarea directa a masinii m</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">2</span><span lang="EN-GB"> la retea.                                                                                               <img height="295" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1968_poze/image018.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1033" width="588" />                                        </span><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 20px;">fig. 3.4.  Pornirea unui motor cu autotransformator</span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB"> Se introduc urmatoarele notatii : curentul Ip , absorbit de m</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">2</span><span lang="EN-GB"> la pornirea prin autotransformatorul m</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">1</span><span lang="EN-GB"> cu tensiunea redusa Up ; curentul Ip</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">N</span><span lang="EN-GB"> , absorbit de m</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">2</span><span lang="EN-GB"> la pornirea directa cu tensiunea nominala U</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">N; </span><span lang="EN-GB">curentul Ip , luat din retea la pornirea  prin autotransformatorul m</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">1</span><span lang="EN-GB">.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB">    Scriind egalitatea puterilor absorbite de la retea de m</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">1</span><span lang="EN-GB"> cu cea absorbita prin m</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">1</span><span lang="EN-GB"> de m</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">2</span><span lang="EN-GB">, adica  U</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">N *</span><span lang="EN-GB"> Ip=Up* Ip</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">1</span><span lang="EN-GB"> , rezulta  : _{<img height="49" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1968_poze/image020.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1034" width="27" />}=_{<img height="48" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1968_poze/image022.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1035" width="29" />}=a , unde a este raportul de reducere al tensiunii aplicate la m</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 16px;">2</span><span lang="EN-GB">.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB">    Aproximand ca curentul absorbit de m2 scade proportional cu tensiunea aplicata , se obtine: -  _{<img height="51" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1968_poze/image024.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1036" width="31" />}=_{<img height="48" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1968_poze/image022.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1037" width="29" />}=a</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB">    Inmultind aceste relatii , rezulta raportul cautat :   _{<img height="51" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1968_poze/image024.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1038" width="31" />}=a².</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB">    Prin reducerea tensiunii , scade insa si cuplul masinii de pornire (_{<img height="48" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1968_poze/image022.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1039" width="29" />})²=a² , adica cuplul se micsoreaza in acelasi raport cu curentul.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="EN-GB">    Pornirea cu autotransformator este avantajoasa energetic , insa fiind costisitoare , este justificata numai in cazul masinilor asincrone de putere mare.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="EN-GB">  </span></b></div>

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Pornirea cu autotransformator

 Pornirea cu autotransformator.  Schema de principiu a pornirii cu autotransformator este data in figura de mai  jos . Pornirea se realizeaza prin inchiderea contactelor de contactor c1 , apoi c3 ; a…

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Pornirea stea-triunghi

<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; margin-left: 12pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="color: blue;">Pronirea stea-triunghi.</span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16.5px; margin-left: 12pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <b><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrvDzpwB24oXNk73Uh1cX1Y3WUQjJ8vBFO01wJhwiH17Pw_GIsHICCXwXBNplb5lYQV0GDK-wcmqKzc6mfWeDYWSzb2bqf9JFEv31mAhFAUJyXKn02JaEAp9Vkg4S0RiJCkC5GF2LEUHU/s1600/image002.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="535" data-original-width="624" height="547" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrvDzpwB24oXNk73Uh1cX1Y3WUQjJ8vBFO01wJhwiH17Pw_GIsHICCXwXBNplb5lYQV0GDK-wcmqKzc6mfWeDYWSzb2bqf9JFEv31mAhFAUJyXKn02JaEAp9Vkg4S0RiJCkC5GF2LEUHU/s640/image002.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></b></div> </div>

Pornirea stea-triunghi

Pronirea stea-triunghi. …

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Pornirea interconditionata a doua motoare asincrone trifazate

<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: navy;"> Pornirea interconditionata a doua motoare asincrone trifazate</span></b><span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">1</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">.       Competente:</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">elaborarea schemei electrice de forta si comanda pentru pornirea interconditionata a doua motoare asincrone trifazate</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">precizarea rolului aparatelor din schema;</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">realizarea montajului conform schemei electrice elaborate;</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">respectarea normelor de igiena si protectia muncii în timpul executarii montajului.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 10pt;"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">2</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">.     Schema de lucru:</span><b><span lang="RO"></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <img alt="ACT3" height="442" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1633_poze/image044.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_94" width="620" /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO">3</span></b><span lang="RO">.        Nomenclatorul aparatelor:</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">e₁, e₂, e₃, e₅, e₆, e₇, e₉, e₁₀</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - sigurante fuzibile;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <st1:metricconverter productid="1C" w:st="on"><b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">1C</span></b></st1:metricconverter><b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">, <st1:metricconverter productid="2C" w:st="on">2C</st1:metricconverter></span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - contactoare;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">e₄, e₈</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - blocuri de relee termice;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">b_p1, b_p2</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - butoane de pornire;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">b_o1, b_o2</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - butoane de oprire;</span></div> <div class="MsoCaption" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"> <span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">h</span>_{<span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">1</span>}<span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">, </span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">h</span>_{<span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">2</span>}<span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> </span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">- </span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">lampi de semnalizare.</span></div>

Pornirea interconditionata a doua motoare asincrone trifazate

 Pornirea interconditionata a doua motoare asincrone trifazate 1.       Competente: ð            elaborarea schemei electrice de forta si comanda pentru pornirea interconditionata a doua motoare asin…

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Pornirea si inversarea manuala a sensului de rotatie a motorului asincron cu rotorul în scurtcircuit

<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: navy;">  Pornirea si inversarea manuala a sensului de rotatie a motorului asincron cu rotorul în scurtcircuit</span></b><span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">1</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">.       Competente:</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">elaborarea schemei electrice de comanda manuala pentru pornirea si inversarea sensului de rotatie a unui motor asincron trifazat cu rotorul în scurtcircuit;</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">precizarea rolului aparatelor din schema;</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">realizarea montajului conform schemei electrice elaborate;</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">respectarea normelor de igiena si protectia muncii în timpul executarii montajului.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 10pt;"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">2</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">.     Schema de lucru:</span><b><span lang="RO"></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO"></span></b></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <i><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><img alt="34M2" height="335" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1633_poze/image032.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_88" width="396" /></span></i><i><span lang="RO" style="font-size: 11pt;">     </span></i><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"><img height="284" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1633_poze/image034.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_89" width="202" /></span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"></span></b></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">Figura 3.7.</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> Schema electrica de forta si comanda pentru pornirea si inversarea sensului de rotatie a unui motor asincron trifazat cu rotorul în scurtcircuit cu ajutorului unui comutator</span></div>

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Pornirea si inversarea manuala a sensului de rotatie a motorului asincron cu rotorul în scurtcircuit

  Pornirea si inversarea manuala a sensului de rotatie a motorului asincron cu rotorul în scurtcircuit 1.       Competente: ð            elaborarea schemei electrice de comanda manuala pentru pornire…

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Pornirea si inversarea sensului de rotatie a motorului asincron cu rotorul în scurtcircuit

<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: navy;"> Pornirea si inversarea sensului de rotatie a motorului asincron cu rotorul în scurtcircuit</span></b><span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">1</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">.       Competente:</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">elaborarea schemei electrice de forta si comanda pentru pornirea si inversarea sensului de rotatie a unui motor asincron trifazat cu rotorul în scurtcircuit;</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">precizarea rolului aparatelor din schema;</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">realizarea montajului conform schemei electrice elaborate;</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">respectarea normelor de igiena si protectia muncii în timpul executarii montajului.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 10pt;"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO">2</span></b><span lang="RO">.        Nomenclatorul aparatelor:</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">e₁, e₂, e₃, e₅, e₆</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - sigurante fuzibile;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <st1:metricconverter productid="1C" w:st="on"><b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">1C</span></b></st1:metricconverter><b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">, <st1:metricconverter productid="2C" w:st="on">2C</st1:metricconverter></span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - contactoare;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">e₄</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - bloc relee termice;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">b_p1, b_p2</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - butoane de pornire;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">b_o</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - buton oprire.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;"></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">3</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">.     Schema de lucru:</span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <b><img alt="OT97" height="376" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1633_poze/image030.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_87" width="627" /></b><b><span lang="RO"></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO"></span></b></div> <div align="center" class="MsoCaption" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;"> <span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">Figura 3.6. </span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">Schema electrica de forta si comanda pentru pornirea si inversarea sensului de rotatie a unui motor asincron trifazat cu rotorul în scurtcircuit</span><span lang="RO" style="color: black;"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO"></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO">4</span></b><span lang="RO">.    Mod de lucru:</span></div> <div class="MsoCaption" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO" style="color: black;">Schema electrica are 7 circuite, doua de forta (</span><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">1</span><span lang="RO" style="color: black;"> si </span><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">2</span><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">) si cinci de comanda.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO">         </span><b><span lang="RO">Pornirea</span></b><span lang="RO"> în sens direct.  Se actioneaza butonul <b>b_p1</b> (<b>4</b>). Prin alimentarea bobinei contactorului <st1:metricconverter productid="1C" w:st="on">1C</st1:metricconverter> (<b>4</b>), contactorul <st1:metricconverter productid="1C" w:st="on">1C</st1:metricconverter> îsi va închide c.n.d. din circuitul principal <b>1</b>, alimentând motorul. Automentinerea se realizeaza cu ajutorul c.n.d (<b>5</b>). În  momentul actionarii contactorului <st1:metricconverter productid="1C" w:st="on">1C</st1:metricconverter>, pentru a proteja eventuala comanda accidentala a butonului <b>b_p2</b>, c.n.i (<b>6</b>) se va deschide, întrerupând alimentarea bobinei contactorului <st1:metricconverter productid="2C" w:st="on">2C</st1:metricconverter>.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"> <b><span lang="RO">Oprirea</span></b><span lang="RO"> se face actionând butonul <b>b_o</b>, buton aflat în circuitul <b>4</b>.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"> <b><span lang="RO">Pornirea</span></b><span lang="RO"> în sens invers. Se actioneaza butonul <b>b_p2</b> (<b>6</b>). Prin alimentarea bobinei contactorului <st1:metricconverter productid="2C" w:st="on">2C</st1:metricconverter> (<b>4</b>), contactorul <st1:metricconverter productid="2C" w:st="on">2C</st1:metricconverter> îsi va închide c.n.d. din circuitul principal <b>2</b>, alimentând motorul. Automentinerea se realizeaza cu ajutorul c.n.d (<b>7</b>). În  momentul actionarii contactorului <st1:metricconverter productid="2C" w:st="on">2C</st1:metricconverter>, pentru a proteja eventuala comanda accidentala a butonului <b>b_p1</b>, c.n.i (<b>4</b>) se va deschide, întrerupând alimentarea bobinei contactorului <st1:metricconverter productid="1C" w:st="on">1C</st1:metricconverter>.</span></div>

Pornirea si inversarea sensului de rotatie a motorului asincron cu rotorul în scurtcircuit

 Pornirea si inversarea sensului de rotatie a motorului asincron cu rotorul în scurtcircuit 1.       Competente: ð            elaborarea schemei electrice de forta si comanda pentru pornirea si inver…

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Pornirea motorului asincron trifazat din mai multe puncte de lucru

<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: blue;">  Pornirea motorului asincron trifazat din mai multe puncte de lucru</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: blue;"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">1</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">.       Competente:</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">elaborarea schemei electrice de forta si comanda pentru pornirea automata a motorului asincron trifazat cu rotorul în scurtcircuit din mai multe puncte de lucru;</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">precizarea rolului aparatelor din schema;</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">realizarea montajului conform schemei electrice elaborate;</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">respectarea normelor de igiena si protectia muncii în timpul executarii montajului.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 10pt;"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">2</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">.     Nomenclatorul aparatelor:</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">e₁, e₂, e₃, e₅, e₆</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - sigurante fuzibile;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <st1:metricconverter productid="1C" w:st="on"><b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">1C</span></b></st1:metricconverter><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - contactor;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">e₄</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - bloc relee termice;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">b_p1,b_p2 .</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - butoane de  pornire;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">b_o1, b_o2 .</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - butoane de oprire.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 10pt;"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">3</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">.     Schema de lucru:</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <img alt="ACT1" height="453" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1633_poze/image026.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_85" width="441" /><img alt="MS6" height="277" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1633_poze/image028.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_86" width="122" /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO"></span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoCaption" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">Figura 3.5.</span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> </span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">Schema electrica de forta si comanda pentru pornirea automata a motorului asincron trifazat cu rotorul în scurtcircuit din mai multe puncte de lucru</span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"></span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoCaption" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <span lang="RO" style="color: black;"></span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO">4</span></b><span lang="RO">.    Mod de lucru</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"> <b><span lang="RO">Observatie: </span></b><span lang="RO">butoanele <b>b_p1</b>, <b>b_p2</b> (si de la caz b_p3, b_p4.) se vor conecta în paralel (circuitul <b>5</b> si  de la caz la caz  6, 7 etc.). Butonul de oprire <b>b_o1</b> (<b>3</b>) se va conecta în serie cu b_o2, b_o3 etc.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"> <b><span lang="RO">Pornirea</span></b><span lang="RO"> motorului se face identic ca si în schema 1.2.1. Se actioneaza butonul de pornire <b>b_p1</b> (<b>3</b>). Motorul va porni</span></div>

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Pornirea motorului asincron trifazat din mai multe puncte de lucru

  Pornirea motorului asincron trifazat din mai multe puncte de lucru 1.       Competente: ð            elaborarea schemei electrice de forta si comanda pentru pornirea automata a motorului asincron t…

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Pornirea intr-un singur sens a motorului asincron trifazat

<div> <b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div> <a href="http://www.multivu.com/assets/60888/photos/60888-cutaway-of-copper-rotor-in-motor-original.jpg?1364487004" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="222" src="http://www.multivu.com/assets/60888/photos/60888-cutaway-of-copper-rotor-in-motor-original.jpg?1364487004" width="320" /></a><br /> <b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">ACTIONARI ELECTRICE</span></b><br /> <div> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <div align="center" class="MsoBodyText2" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: navy; font-size: 11pt;"> Pornirea într-un singur sens a motorului asincron trifazat</span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="font-size: 11pt;"></span></b></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">1</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">.       Competente:</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">elaborarea schemei electrice de forta si comanda pentru pornirea automata a motorului asincron trifazat cu rotorul în scurtcircuit;</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">precizarea rolului aparatelor din schema;</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">realizarea montajului conform schemei electrice elaborate;</span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 11pt;">ð<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">            </span></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">respectarea normelor de igiena si protectia muncii în timpul executarii montajului.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 10pt;"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">2</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">.     Schema de lucru:</span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <span style="color: black;"><img alt="OT95" height="347" src="http://www.scritub.com/files/tehnica%20mecanica/1633_poze/image020.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_84" width="468" /></span><span lang="RO" style="color: black;"></span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 10pt;"></span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">Figura 3.3. </span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">Schema electrica de forta si comanda pentru pornirea automata a motorului asincron trifazat cu rotorul în scurtcircuit</span><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 10pt;"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">3</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black;">.     Nomenclatorul aparatelor:</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">e₁, e₂, e₃, e₅, e₆</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - sigurante fuzibile;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <st1:metricconverter productid="1C" w:st="on"><b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">1C</span></b></st1:metricconverter><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - contactor;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">e₄</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - bloc relee termice;</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">b_p</span></b><span lang="RO" style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"> - buton pornire; <b>b_o</b> - buton oprire.</span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoCaption" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <span lang="RO" style="color: black;"></span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoCaption" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;"> <span lang="RO" style="color: black;"></span></div> <div class="MsoHeader" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;"> <b><span lang="RO">4</span></b><span lang="RO">.    Mod de lucru</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="font-size: 11pt;">Pornirea</span></b><span lang="RO" style="font-size: 11pt;"> motorului se face actionând asupra butonului <b>b_p</b>, din circuitul <b>3</b>. În acest  moment bobina contactorului <st1:metricconverter productid="1C" w:st="on">1C</st1:metricconverter> (<b>3</b>) este sub tensiune (220 V). Contactorul, instantaneu, va închide toate contactele normal deschis si va deschide toate contactele normal închise, dupa cum urmeaza:</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 21pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-size: 11pt;">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">          </span></span><span lang="RO" style="font-size: 11pt;">contactele nd. din circuitul de forta (<b>1</b>) - motorul fiind alimentat la retea.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-left: 21pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-size: 11pt;">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">          </span></span><span lang="RO" style="font-size: 11pt;">C.n.d. (4) - destinat automentinerii circuitului de comanda sub tensiune.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"> <b><span lang="RO" style="font-size: 11pt;">Oprirea</span></b><span lang="RO" style="font-size: 11pt;"> motorului se face actionând butonul de oprire, <b>b_o</b>, din circuitul <b>3</b>, moment în care circuitul de alimentare este întrerupt.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"> <span lang="RO" style="font-size: 11pt;">Rolul blocului de relee <b>e₄</b> (<b>1</b>) este de a întrerupe alimentarea motorului daca acesta este supraîncarcat. Acest lucru este posibil prin deconectarea cnd (<b>2</b>), moment în care circuitul de comanda nu va mai fi alimentat.</span></div> </div>

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Pornirea intr-un singur sens a motorului asincron trifazat

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